Specifications | Safety microcontrollers growing in popularity \Focus on IFA s work No. 0340\ IFA |
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Specifications | Safety microcontrollers growing in popularity \Focus on IFA s work No. 0340\ IFA |
Business section |
Specifications | Safety microcontrollers growing in popularity \Focus on IFA s work No. 0340\ IFA |
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Content | 0340 Edition 7/2012 617.0-IFA:638.22 Safety microcontrollers growing in popularity Problem The use of microelectronics in the safety systems of machinery and industrial plant may now be regarded as established. The trend towards increasingly miniaturized and often more complex systems also presents new challenges for safety engineering. One method frequently applied is that of redundant circuits, in which safety functions are implemented in duplicated form. This technology has been in use for decades. Close attention must however be paid to the independence of the two circuits (channels) from each other, since failures in one channel may otherwise impact upon the other channel, to the detriment of safety. A reason for further miniaturization over ten years ago was the desire of industry to implement the redundant channels on a single microchip. The chip was to provide the entire circuitry in dupli- cated form, whilst at the same time satisfying the safety requirements. Application-specific inte- grated circuits (ASICs) were initially used for this purpose. ASICs reached production maturity over 30 years ago; it was some years however before they came to be used in safety technology. Methods and specifications were then required by which the safety of these components could be evaluated. Activities At the beginning of the work, the IFA researched the structure of microchips and ASICs, and dis- cussed the issue with experts in the semicon- The inside of a microchip. Source: Wikipedia (chip prepared by Matt Britt; photograph: Matt Gibbs) ductor industry. A group of experts drew up a package of safety-related measures by reference to which such multi-channel ASICs could be designed so as to be safe. These measures were submitted to the process of international stan- dardization, specifically for the second edition of IEC 61508, in the form of a German proposal sup- ported by the IFA. At the same time, the measures were reviewed for their effectiveness and feasibil- ity in a number of type approvals of industrial devices. Following protracted discussions of principles, the approach was even extended during standards development to include not just ASICs but integrated circuits in general. |
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