Thermal Modeling of Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors Thermal Modeling of Aluminum Electrolytic Capac

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Specifications	Thermal Modeling of Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors Thermal Modeling of Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors Sam Parler Cornell Dubilier Electronics Inc.
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1 Presented at the IEEE Industry Applications Society Conference, October 1999 Abstract ! A comprehensive thermal model for s

Specifications	Thermal Modeling of Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors Thermal Modeling of Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors Sam Parler Cornell Dubilier Electronics Inc.
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Content	1 Presented at the IEEE Industry Applications Society Conference, October 1999 Abstract ! A comprehensive thermal model for screw-termi- nal aluminum electrolytic capacitors is developed. The test meth- odology and data upon which the model is based are discussed. Exact one-dimensional solutions, multi-dimensional heat equa- tions, and finite-element analysis (FEA) model simulation results are presented. The effects of conduction, heat sinking, natural (free) convection, forced convection, and radiation are quanti- fied and compared. Complex issues, such as anisotropism and multi-phase heat transfer, are discussed. A comparison of model results to test data is presented. Varying capacitor construction techniques are evaluated. I. INTRODUCTION The life of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor varies expo- nentially with temperature, approximately doubling for each 10 ºC cooler the hottest place in the capacitor (the “core” or “hot spot”) is operated [1]. Since the temperature rise of the core is directly proportional to the core-to-ambient thermal re- sistance, the life is also an exponential function of the thermal resistance. In this paper, models to predict this thermal resis- tance for various construction techniques are developed and used. This paper focuses on modeling computergrade, or screw terminal, capacitors. However, the concepts can be applied to other aluminum electrolytic capacitor constructions, such as snap-mount, radial, and axial capacitors. An aluminum electrolytic capacitor is generally comprised of a cylindrical winding (“section”) of aluminum anode and cathode foils separated by papers impregnated with a liquid electrolyte, usually based on ethylene glycol. See Fig. 1. The anode and cathode foils are made of aluminum, and the anode is usually highly etched. There is a thin coating of aluminum oxide on the surface of the anode. The anode and cathode foils are contacted by means of aluminum tabs that are extended from the winding. These tabs are attached to aluminum termi- nals in a polymeric top. The wet winding is sealed into an aluminum can. One fact that is apparent when beginning the task of ther- mally modeling an aluminum electrolytic capacitor in a typi- cal operating environment is that the effort is inherently com- plex. This complexity is due to several factors. First, all three of the heat transfer modes (conduction, convection, and radia- tion) are present and may be significant. Second, the conduc- tion from the winding to the case is dependent on the method and intimacy of contact between the two. Third, as will be discussed later, the conductivity of the winding is different in the axial and radial directions. Fourth, both free convection of electrolyte-air vapor as well as two-phase heat transfer mecha- nisms may be present internally. Finally, external to the ca- pacitor, both radiation and convection are present as heat trans- fer modes, the latter of which may be natural or forced, or both. We undertake this work by first looking at the simpler con- duction and convection aspects of the problem. We use some mathematical and FEA simulation techniques to compare pre- dictions of simpler models with measurements taken on ca- pacitors of known construction operating with known ripple power in known thermal environments. Fig. 1. Typical screw terminal capacitor constructions: pitch (left) and pitchless (right). Thermal Modeling of Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors Sam G. Parler, Jr. Cornell Dubilier 140 Technology Place Liberty, SC 29657
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Following Datasheets	thermalpcim02 (6 pages) Thermal_Cross_Ref (2 pages) Thermal_Imped (3 pages) Thermal_Mgmnt_Products-1 (20 pages) thermal_overload_relays (8 pages) Thermal_Products_Brochure (4 pages) Thermax_ISO_cert (1 pages) thermele (6 pages) thermistoraging (4 pages) thermistorcurves (4 pages)
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Thermal Modeling of Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors Thermal Modeling of Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors Sam Parler Cornell Dubilier Electronics Inc.

Thermal Modeling of Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors Thermal Modeling of Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors Sam Parler Cornell Dubilier Electronics Inc.